How to heat a dacha in winter if there is no stove and electricity is expensive

The summer season is coming to an end. Many city dwellers are ready to come to their dacha in winter, but cannot solve the heating issue. We want to introduce you to the most common methods of heating a country house during the cold season.

We do not live in those latitudes where in winter the sun “distributes” heat for free. We have to pay for it: either with money or with our own labor. How can we heat our home?

The cheapest way is to use firewood, but we definitely need to put a lot of work into it. A simpler, but more expensive option is gas. The simplest and most expensive heating option is electricity. Which method is best for a country house?

Heaters

Depending on the operating principle and heat source, heaters are divided into oil, infrared, gas, etc.

Oil heater

What is an oil heater? This is the reservoir in which the heating element is located. Oil is also poured in there. Oil was not chosen as a coolant by chance: it takes a long time to heat up, but then, after maximum heating, it is able to maintain a high temperature for a long time.

This device has other advantages:

relatively low price;
mobility (unlike a battery, the heater can be moved to any place in the room or country house);
there are no foreign odors or noise during its operation;
When heating, it does not dry out the air in the room.

The disadvantages include the following:

the oil heats up very slowly, so you will have to wait a long time for the air in the room to warm up. Oil heaters equipped with a fan do not have this drawback, although they are more expensive;
Due to the massive body and the oil poured into the tank, these devices are quite heavy. If you have a two-story cottage, then when moving the device from one floor to another this can turn into a big problem;
Due to the high heating temperature of the housing, there is a risk of burns. This is especially important in families with children;
considerable cost of energy consumption during prolonged heating of the heater.

Infrared heater

An infrared heater has a completely different operating principle. The temperature rise there occurs due to the action of infrared rays (hence the name). They act like the sun's rays: they pass freely through the air without heating it. When some “obstacle” (person, animal, furniture, etc.) is encountered along the way, infrared rays are absorbed by it, and at the same time the temperature of this object or living creature rises. Thus, infrared heaters do not warm the air, but us and all objects that are in their zone of action. And now we give this heat to the air, increasing its temperature.

Infrared heaters can be installed on any surface: floor, wall or ceiling. They have tip-over protection, which immediately turns off the device after a fall. They also have other advantages:

these devices do not waste time on prolonged warming up, like oil devices, but begin to give off heat immediately after switching on;
they operate silently, do not create odor and do not burn oxygen in the room;
Many models have sensors that prevent the device from overheating and maintain the temperature at the level desired by the owner.

Infrared heaters are not without their disadvantages:

quite high price compared to oil heaters;
limited distance between the device and an object/person, beyond which the effect of the device is no longer felt;
If you stay in the area of infrared rays for a long time, your health may deteriorate: headache, dry skin and eyes.

Convectors: electric and gas

A slightly different type of heating device, which is often used to heat country houses during the cold season, are convectors. The principle of their operation is based on the property of cold air to sink down, displacing warm air from there. The latter rises up, cools there and falls down again. This is how natural air circulation occurs - convection. She gave the device its name – convector.

An electric convector consists of a housing, in the upper and lower parts of which there are air intake openings. There is a heating element located inside the housing. Cold air enters the housing from below and flows around the heating element. At this time, its temperature rises, and a hot air flow comes out of the case through the upper holes, which immediately rises up to the ceiling. There it gives off its heat to the surrounding space, cools and sinks down again. This heats up the room.

Advantages of convectors:

warms up the air in the room very quickly;
unlike heaters, the body of convectors hardly heats up, so it is impossible to get burned on it;
fairly low noise level;
The temperature sensor helps control the heat level in the room and turns off the device when the desired temperature is reached. Thanks to this, energy savings occur.

There is nothing ideal in the world, so convectors also have disadvantages:

while the convector is operating, the humidity level decreases, the air becomes very dry;
high electricity consumption;
Without a working convector, the air cools very quickly, so the device must be turned on constantly.

Detailed description and characteristics of types of heaters

To figure out which heater is most suitable for a country house, you need to consider the principle of their operation and the main characteristics.

Fan heaters

Principle of operation:

The operation of the fan heater is based on heating the room by passing an air flow through a tungsten filament in a kneeling state.

Advantages:

A fan heater allows you to heat a room in a short period of time.
The product has a compact size, thereby allowing it to be transported to the country in a bag.
Low cost.

Flaws:

The indoor microclimate is disrupted due to the evaporation of moisture from the air during fan operation.
Noise during operation of the device.
If a spiral acts as a heating element, then oxygen is burned out, which is accompanied by the smell of burnt dust.
When using a fan heater with other heating elements, the air warms up much more slowly.

Types and features:

Compact, tabletop fan heaters are used for local heating due to their low power.
Wall-mounted is a model equipped with a remote control.
The floor fan heater has large dimensions and looks like a column. Some models have a moving part to distribute heat throughout the room.
The ceiling heat fan has a fairly large range of service functions.

Important! To neutralize dry air, it is recommended to use fan heater models equipped with ionizers and a humidifier. Such models have a high cost.

Oil radiators

Principle of operation:

The work consists of heating the oil with a special heating element located inside the radiator. The oil, heating up to 150 degrees, transfers heat to the surface of the radiator, thereby heating the room.

Design features:

Oil radiators are mainly produced in a floor-standing version, since their mass is very substantial. In rare cases, you can find wall-mounted models.

External features:

An accordion that looks like old cast iron batteries. Consist of sections welded together.
Flat panel radiator. It has 2–3 flat, parallel panels. This model has a relatively light weight, which allows you to hang the heater on the wall.
Radiators shaped like modern aluminum batteries. Mostly they come with wheels for movement.

Advantages:

Oil radiators are in great demand due to their affordable cost.
Easy to use.
The device has an efficient heating method.
During operation, it does not reduce the amount of oxygen in the heated room.
The heater operates silently.
Safe in terms of fire.
The presence of wheels simplifies the process of moving the radiator around the room without scratching the floor covering.

Flaws

Using the device in a room with high humidity is strictly prohibited.
High energy costs.
Small heating area.

Gas or electric convector

Principle of operation:

The convector works by heating the air passing through the heating element and escaping as a hot stream into the room. A gas convector is considered more economical than an electric one, but the installation method is much more complicated.

Design features:

The electric convector has a compact size and takes up little space. Gas models are slightly larger, but even taking this into account they are quite compact.
When using a gas convector, it is connected to an external pipe to release combustion products.
Electric convectors are mostly wall-mounted. It can be placed under a window, instead of a traditional battery. Some models are available with legs, so you can choose the most convenient option for yourself.
Electric convectors are made in the form of a parallelepiped, of different proportions, narrow and long, tall and narrow, or in the form of conventional batteries.

How to choose a convector heater for a summer house:

Based on the characteristics of the country house, the choice of heater is made. It all depends on what type of fuel is supplied to the house uninterruptedly. If the house has both gas and electricity, the choice is made based on personal preferences and financial capabilities.

Heater

Important! There are models with a moisture-proof housing, which allows you to use the convector in a room with high humidity.

Advantages:

The products have a compact and neat appearance.
The room is heated efficiently.
The convector operates almost silently.
Electric convector is fireproof.
The heater is equipped with a heating regulator. When the convector overheats, it automatically turns off.
Equipped with an ionizer and humidifier, making the atmosphere in the room more comfortable.
The convector is equipped with an air filter that allows you to clean the air from dust that is in suspension.
The cost of such convectors is relatively low.

Flaws:

When using a gas convector, combustion products must be vented outside, which complicates the installation process.

Infrared heaters

Principle of operation:

This type of heater differs from others in that heating is carried out not by the air environment, but by the surfaces of home attributes:

furniture;
flooring;
wall and ceiling decoration.

Having heated the surface to a certain temperature, it begins to give off heat to the air, creating a comfortable and cozy environment.

Important! This principle of operation of infrared emitters allows them to be used not only for heating the interior spaces of the house, but also for outdoor spaces, such as a gazebo.

Infrared emitters operate from electricity or gas.

Design features:

Installation of such heaters is carried out on different surfaces, floor, wall, ceiling.

Emitter advantages:

Rapid heating of the space within the device's coverage area.
Silent operation of the heater.
The air does not dry out.

Flaws:

The cost of infrared emitters is much higher than the prices of the above-described thermal devices.

Quartz and catalytic heaters

Quartz heaters are new to the heating equipment market. They belong to the energy-saving class of heaters.

Features of quartz heaters:

It is a monolithic heating plate made from a composite solution containing quartz sand.
When the sand is heated, heat is retained and released to the room for a long time, as well as the heater slowly cools down if it is turned off.
Such heating devices are considered the most efficient and are suitable for any type of home.
They provide several heating modes, including economical. A heater operating in economy mode maintains the room temperature at +10–12 degrees.

Operating principle and features of the catalytic device:

Such a device is capable of heating a room of 15-20 square meters. m.

The catalytic heating device operates by burning fuel using a flameless method. The operating principle is as follows:

On the surface of the catalyst plate, the process of oxidation of gasoline or gas vapor occurs.
The temperature of the plate in flameless combustion can reach +500 degrees. This type of heater is considered one of the safest heating devices.

The advantages of these heaters:

Fire safety and the ability to use equipment without human supervision.
The equipment is equipped with a thermostat to regulate the temperature.
The heaters are compact in size.
Easy installation.
The operation of quartz or catalytic ones occurs completely without noise.

Flaws:

Currently difficult to find for sale.

Fireplace

Fireplace
Design Features:

The electric fireplace looks like a real one. When using it, there is no need for a chimney and no worries about combustion products.
The shape and size of fireplaces can be varied.
Fireplaces can be installed on the floor in the corner of the room, in the middle or hung on the wall.

Principle of operation:

Heating elements are used to heat the room:

spirals in quartz tubes;
nichrome spirals;
bi - spirals.

The fireplace is equipped with a silent fan, which circulates air currents. Cold air is drawn in through a special hole, and passing through the heating elements, hot air is evenly blown into the room. Blowing occurs through a special hole in the firebox. Heating of the room occurs evenly and quickly.

Modern fireplaces are equipped with a sensor to maintain temperature without wasting energy. This device also saves energy.

Important! The fireplaces are equipped with a humidification system that prevents the air from drying out.

Advantages of an electric fireplace:

The electric fireplace has a fascinating appearance, creating a special atmosphere in the room.
A wide variety of models both in shape and installation method.
There is no need to benefit combustion products.
Most models are controlled using a remote control.

Flaws:

High price for the device.

Various types of stoves

Not many people can afford to build a large stationary stove in their dacha. The majority of summer residents prefer more compact options.

Potbelly stove

Known since the end of the 19th century, the stove has again begun to be in quite high demand in recent decades. Only this time the summer residents became interested in her. According to many of them, for the rare heating of a small country house, nothing better can be found.

The modern potbelly stove differs from its ancestors mainly in appearance. Its structure has remained virtually unchanged. It consists of a firebox (the size may vary), a vent and a chimney. Some models have a flat surface on top on which you can heat the kettle or cook some simple food. The material can be steel (cheaper options) and cast iron.

The advantages of this heating source:

compactness, which is important for small country houses;
quick heating of the room - for summer residents who rarely visit during the cold season of the year, this is one of the most important criteria when choosing a heating device;
relatively low price;
ease of operation;
the ability to use not only firewood as fuel, but also wood chips, wood waste, branches, etc.

The potbelly stove also has disadvantages:

as much as you heat, you warm up as much: the body of the potbelly stove heats up quickly, and cools down just as quickly;
some models have a small firebox, so the size of the logs should not exceed 20 cm;
it cannot be left unattended, and the reason is not only that you need to constantly add firewood, but also safety: a hot body can cause a fire;
the stove gets very hot, so it needs to be located at a considerable distance from walls and any flammable objects, which is not very convenient in small rooms; for safe operation, the potbelly stove must be installed on a foundation (legs) or thermally insulated with flame and analogues from the nearest walls and floor;
For combustion, the stove uses oxygen from the room, “taking” it from people. For this reason, in order to avoid oxygen starvation, ventilation is indispensable;
Frequent chimney cleaning will also not be to the liking of many summer residents.

Stove Buleryan

At the end of the last century, a furnace was invented, which is still considered the best in terms of efficiency and productivity. It combines the operating principles of a potbelly stove and a convector. Like a potbelly stove, the Buleryan stove has a metal body, the base of which is a firebox for wood. Metal pipes are soldered into the structure. Cold air enters the bottom of each pipe. Circling around the combustion chamber, the cold air heats up and comes out of the top of the pipes already hot (the operating principle of a convector is used). Thanks to it, the room is heated.

Positive aspects of the Buleryan stove:

the room warms up in a short period of time;
low fuel consumption: one load of firewood is enough for 12 hours, because the wood in the stove does not burn, but smolderes slowly (it is known that smoldering wood provides more heat than actively burning wood);
the stove does not heat up, so a separate foundation for it is not needed.

Disadvantages of the Buleryan stove:

You need to use only completely dried firewood for the stove, otherwise the heat transfer of the fuel will be much lower;
the oven becomes very clogged, so it has to be cleaned frequently; The reason for the appearance of a large amount of soot on the walls of pipes can also be wet firewood;
To maintain a constant temperature in the room, you need to frequently adjust the position of the damper - this is unlikely to happen the first time. It takes time to learn how to operate the Buleryan stove;
due to incomplete combustion of wood, smoke is released into the room; to avoid this and improve draft, the chimney should rise 3-5 m above the stove.

Stove-fireplace

A fireplace stove can be an excellent option for heating a country house in winter. This equipment combines the functions of a fireplace and stove. From the first it has a firebox, through which you can admire the bright burning flame. From the stove - heat emanating from the walls and warming the entire room quite evenly.

Fireplace stoves can be either stationary, made of brick and placed on a foundation, or more modern, made of cast iron or steel. They do not require a special foundation - a platform made of fireproof material is enough, they are easy to install and easier to dismantle in case of moving. Many models also have a hob where you can cook.

In addition to those listed, fireplace stoves have other advantages:

rapid heating of the room;
ease of installation of equipment when it comes to metal structures;
most people receive aesthetic pleasure from the sight of burning wood and its smell;
many modern models serve as interior decoration.

The disadvantages include the following:

many models have a shallow firebox, which requires the preparation of small firewood;
laying firewood is required several times a day: with intense combustion, the fuel lasts only a few hours;
heating of the room occurs unevenly: warm air rushes upward, and at the same time it can be quite cold below.

Review of the best electric heaters for summer cottages

The peculiarities of choosing electric heaters for a summer cottage are that the country house needs to be quickly warmed up upon arrival at a country site, especially in winter.
In addition, heating should be inexpensive and safe so that no troubles occur during your vacation. Next, we will tell you which electric heaters are the most economical and safe for heating a country house! Main selection criteria
- Heating installation should not be difficult. — It is desirable that the heaters be mobile. — Safety must be paramount. — Consider the efficiency of devices. — An expanded set of functions allows you to adjust not only efficiency, but also system performance. — Price, as one of the limiting factors (it is not logical to buy expensive equipment for a summer house if you appear there 2-3 times a month).

Comparison of existing devices

We will make a comparison according to the criteria listed above, on the basis of which we will determine which electric heater operating from a 220V network is the most economical and safe.

Convectors

First we will consider electric convectors, which are popular not only in summer cottages, but also in private houses, apartments, and cottages. Convector devices are installed quite simply, because... There are floor and wall models. Flooring products can be moved to any room, which makes them mobile and provides another advantage. Electric convectors for heating cottages are absolutely safe, because... have protection against overheating and a low heating temperature of the case (no more than 80 degrees).

As for the efficiency of electric heaters, it should be noted that convectors are not the most energy-saving heating option, but if they are additionally equipped with thermostats, the system can be made more or less cheap to operate.
The devices are the most advanced in terms of functionality, which is again due to the use of an additional control unit. Well, as for the price, the use of electric convectors for a summer house will cost you 3-7 thousand rubles for one heater. Based on the assumption that one room requires no less than one unit. IR panels

The next most popular in the ranking are infrared panels mounted on the ceiling and walls. The devices are easy to install and easily connect to the network. We have already talked about how to connect an infrared heater. In mobility, IR ceiling panels lose out because... are mostly stationary devices. As for safety, there are no particular complaints or negative reviews regarding the operation of infrared heaters. Regarding energy costs, these products are the most economical electric heaters for summer cottages, which is their main advantage over other options.

Among the disadvantages, a small set of functions and installation requirements should be noted: the ceilings must be high, otherwise the IR rays will have a negative effect on the human body.
In addition, IR panels dry the air, which also shows them on the negative side. The cost of this option for heating a summer cottage is not too more expensive than the previous option, however, the price will still increase slightly, because the price of one good quality panel is at least 3.5 thousand rubles. Oil heaters

These devices have become famous as the most expensive option for electric heaters for cottages and homes. This is due to the high power of the products and long heating to operating temperature. At the same time, the mobility of oil radiators makes them competitive, because you can roll the body into the desired room, which is especially important in a country house. There will be no problems with installation, just plug the plug into the outlet.

As for safety, modern models are equipped with overheating protection and automatic shutdown when tipped over.
In terms of functions, they also lagged behind in development, because are practically non-programmable. All that the control unit is capable of is setting the temperature of the coolant in the housing. An important advantage of this type of electric heaters is the low price - 2.5-3 thousand rubles. By purchasing 1-2 products for the entire country house, you can create temporary heating during your vacation. We have already talked about how to choose the right oil heater, which we advise you to familiarize yourself with. Fan heaters

Well, the last option for electric heaters for dachas is fan heaters and heat guns. Their undoubted advantage is that the devices are able to warm up the room to the optimal temperature (21-23 C) in the shortest possible time, even in winter. In terms of installation, they outperform alternative options, because... are absolutely mobile, as can be seen from the photo. However, this is where the advantages of such products end.

Regarding the disadvantages, it should be said that fan heaters do not save electricity at all, they dry out the air and are also the most fire hazardous. In addition, the devices have a small set of functions and are practically not programmable. The only thing you can do is adjust the heating temperature and air flow rate into the room. It is advisable to choose this option for an electric heater for a summer house if you are still carrying out construction work, because... Fan heaters can be used effectively even outdoors. In terms of price, they are, of course, better than other devices.

Let's sum it up

And finally, I would like to summarize and give my recommendation for choosing a good electric heater for your dacha. If your financial capabilities allow, install IR panels throughout the house. These products will prevent dampness and in a short period of time will prepare the room for relaxation, and are also the most economical.

If you have strict financial restrictions, buy fan heaters, the cost of which is 2-3 times less than alternative options. Well, the safest and most functional device that does not affect a person’s well-being and creates comfortable conditions for relaxation is electric convectors. The electricity consumption when installing them will be a little higher, but still the advantages of such a system outweigh the only drawback and make it the best option for electric heating of a summer cottage.

Source: website Electrician himself.

Gas equipment: heaters and convector

In addition to firewood and electricity, there is another source of thermal energy that many summer residents successfully use - gas. If gas is not supplied to your dacha, you can use liquefied gas (it is supplied in cylinders): currently, many heating devices can operate on any of these types of fuel. Equipment that runs on gas in a country house is used:

infrared gas heater,
gas convectors,
catalytic gas heater.

The operating principle of the first two devices is no different from their counterparts powered by electricity. But the action of a catalytic heater is based on the interaction of burning gas with a special catalyst plate. During combustion, the gas, thanks to the catalyst, is oxidized. The oxidation reaction is accompanied by the release of a large amount of heat, which warms the room. Gas consumption is quite small, because the oxidation reaction depends simply on combustion, and not on its power.

Advantages of gas equipment:

fairly low gas prices;
ease of installation, mobility;
rapid heating of the room;
reliability.

Not without its drawbacks:

when using gas cylinders there is always a risk of gas leakage;
at low temperatures there may be a problem with turning on the gas heater;
infrared gas heaters are quite expensive, and if they break down, repairing them will also cost you a pretty penny;
When gas is burned in convectors, combustion products are formed, for the removal of which a chimney is required;
Catalytic heaters have practically no combustion products, but they have another disadvantage - a limited service life. When using low-quality gas, it is greatly reduced.

Carbon heaters

Heaters with a carbon heating element
Recently, carbon devices with infrared radiation have appeared on the heating equipment market. As the main element, they contain a thin polymer film in which strips of graphite are located, into which a voltage of 220 volts is supplied.

Graphite, unlike metal heating elements, has a higher level of thermal conductivity and much less electromagnetic radiation. This fact allows you to significantly save on electricity consumption and increase the efficiency of space heating.

Advantages of carbon emitters

They are obvious:

High efficiency and significant energy savings due to the use of graphite and the presence of a temperature controller.
Simplicity and ease of installation allows you to place the device on various surfaces of the room without calling highly qualified specialists (the necessary advice can be obtained from the seller). To do this, you just need to name the dimensions of the room and the desired temperature.
High universal qualities - can be placed even on the floor under a covering (analogous to a warm floor), on walls and ceilings. At the same time, the design and style of the rooms are not violated in any way. On the floor it can be used under linoleum, parquet and tiles.
Using the plastic properties of the material, carbon film can be placed even on inclined and shaped planes.
Safety for human health, and in some cases the healing properties of infrared radiation at long waves have been proven. The electromagnetic field, so harmful to people due to the abundance of electrical appliances in the house, has minimal values and is tens of times less than that of conventional spiral products.
High mobility - it is enough, for example, to remove the device from the wall and move it to any other place.
Air humidity will always be normal, since this type of heater does not burn oxygen.
High reliability and resistance to mechanical damage. So it is impossible to accidentally cut or cause large scratches. And if such a fact occurs, then you can simply replace the emergency section.
The durability of the carbon film device is ensured by its resistance to destruction and corrosion.

Wall-mounted infrared heaters

Wall-mounted infrared panel
Wall-mounted infrared heaters, in addition to high performance characteristics, have an excellent appearance. The body structure is made of thin metal, which can be painted in attractive colors with a beautiful design. Or decorated with natural materials - marble, ceramics or stone. The back side of the device is equipped with a heat-reflecting screen for better heat transfer into the room.

The high reliability and durability of these panels allows them to be installed in any room - even damp ones. They can be turned on around the clock, while possessing high fire-fighting qualities.

If desired, an infrared wall-mounted heater can be used as the main source of heat not only in the country, but also in country houses of permanent residence.

So what is the best way to heat a dacha in winter?

It is difficult to answer this question unequivocally. Heaters that are powered from the electrical network are the simplest and most convenient, but at the same time the most expensive option. Solid fuel stoves (mostly firewood or other wood-based fuels) are the cheapest, but at the same time the most labor-intensive way to heat a dacha in the cold season. Somewhere in the middle between them there is heating equipment that runs on gas.

According to experienced summer residents, it is best to use a combination of several methods to heat a house. For example, immediately after arrival you need to quickly heat the house. Here a stove will come to the rescue (both a potbelly stove and a Buleryan stove will do). When the stove stops producing heat (for example, at night), heaters come into play. Infrared heaters that have a function of maintaining a constant temperature are best suited for this purpose: the temperature in the room has dropped - the sensor has triggered and turned on the heater.

There are a lot of options for heating a country house in the cold season. How do you heat the room?

Types of heaters

Heating systems that are installed in suburban areas are, as a rule, ordinary fireplaces and stoves. But if it is not possible to constantly monitor the operation of such heaters and the country house is not used as a permanent place of residence, such devices are unsafe. What heater should I buy for my dacha if it is rarely visited? It is worth considering options such as:

Oily;
Fan heaters;
Heat guns;
Gas or electric convector;
Infrared;
Quartz;
Electric fireplaces.

Which heater to choose for the garage

Popular electric batteries

If a person does not understand household heating equipment, it is difficult to choose a heater for the dacha.

Wall-mounted electric heater

Convector

Install on the wall or floor of the cottage. There are universal devices that provide both installation options. The convector has a flat body. There is a vertical grille in the upper part of the body, and a horizontal grille in the lower part. Above it there is an electric heater (TEH) in the form of a hermetically sealed steel tube filled with magnesite.

Schematic diagram of heating: the convector is turned on, cold air enters the heating element through the lower grille, heats up, and exits through the upper grille.

Convectors have a high efficiency, quickly heat the room, have a long service life, are easy to use, and are silent. However, convectors consume a lot of electrical energy.

Oil heater

Floor-standing ones are most often produced, although there are wall-mounted models. The floor-mounted one is similar to a classic central heating water radiator, but on wheels, making it easy to move the device around the country house or apartment.

The advantage of the heater is that it does not dry out the air; the models are equipped with a humidifier.

Disadvantages: heavy weight, prolonged heating of the room if there is no built-in fan.

The body consists of hermetically joined sections. The top of the battery is powder coated to enhance its strength.

There is oil in the housing. Heating is carried out using a heating element. Located at the bottom of the battery. Heating from below stimulates the formation of convection currents, ensures uniform heating and heat transfer.

Liquid radiators are filled with heat-conducting liquid instead of oil. More efficient, energy saving.

Infrared ceramic heater

Infrared heater

Available in floor, wall and ceiling versions. Due to the variety of models, IOs are used for heating in dachas, houses, and industrial premises. They are classified according to the length of the emitted wave.

The temperature of the heating element of shortwave batteries rises above 60 degrees. The elements glow brightly. IOs are called light IOs.
Long wavelength batteries are called dark batteries. Operating temperature - 30-40 degrees. The devices are hung on the ceiling or walls.

According to their design, IOs are distinguished:

carbon;
ceramic;
film

In carbon batteries, the heater is a quartz tube filled with carbon nanofiber.

Ceramic ones are produced in the form of a thin hinged ceramic panel with a remote thermostat. Heater - cable.

Decorative film device rolled up

In film IOs, the electric heating element is located between the film layers. Produced in the form of paintings, panels with images (sea shore, mountains).

Infrared batteries have a high heating rate and are economical. The disadvantage is the locality of heating. The heat will be in the area affected by the device; upon exiting, the temperature will decrease.

Fan heater

Short-term heating device. A fan heater is not used to maintain a comfortable temperature for a long time. The fan heater is good for short visits to the dacha in cold weather.

In fan heater models, various elements are used for heating (nichrome thread, heating element, ceramic plates). It is dangerous to turn on when the room is damp (there are suspended drops of water in the air). Fan heaters with ceramic plates are expensive, but safe.

Vacuum radiator

Vacuum battery

Externally it resembles a tubular radiator. The name comes from the fact that air is pumped out of the battery cavity. Filled with lithium bromide liquid. Evaporates at a temperature of 33-35 degrees. The liquid is heated to the evaporation temperature by a heating element. It turns into steam, fills the cavity, transfers heat to the walls of the battery. Experts believe that the efficiency of the radiator is close to 100 percent.

Thermal storage heating installation

Thermal storage battery

The heat accumulator is the core. Accumulation occurs due to electricity consumption at night, when the tariff is lower than during the day. The battery gives off heat around the clock. The temperature is adjusted by the regulator on the device. It signals the fan. It turns on and forces air through the heated core.

The battery is economical. Suitable for heating if you live in the country for a long time in autumn, winter, early spring.

Steam-drip unit

The vapor-drip heater is characterized by high efficiency. The work is based on the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy with heating of the coolant. It turns into a vapor state and spreads through the heat exchanger. Upon contact with the cold walls of the heat exchanger, the steam condenses, releasing heat. Drops of water on the walls flow under the influence of gravity into a chamber with an electric heater.