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Almost every apartment, as well as a private house, has a shower in the bathroom. In cases where a separate room is provided for it, the water in it must be drained autonomously. For this purpose, a special structural element is provided - a shower drain in the floor under the tiles. Its presence is necessary when the bathroom is not equipped with an electronic shower. It is also not needed if the shower is located above the bathtub.

Shower drain

Purpose of a drain in a shower stall without a tray on the floor

A shower drain is necessary to drain sewer water during bathing and ensure its delivery to the central trunk of the sewer riser. In addition, its design provides a number of other useful functions, including:

Filtration - the grate traps large debris and it is not able to get into the inside of the drain and block the passage of wastewater;
Tightness - thanks to the reliable design, water moves strictly in a given channel, without penetrating into the screed, without causing dampness;
Preventing the spread of odors - the design feature is that the unpleasant odor is blocked by a small amount of water, clogging the connection between the riser and the drainage hole in the floor.

The shower drain must serve for a long time and reliably in an aggressive environment, so the materials from which it is made resist the spread of corrosion well. Most often these are plastic, stainless or non-ferrous metal alloys, as well as combinations thereof.

Working in an aggressive environment

The appearance of the shower drain depends on the manufacturer, so you can always choose its shape to suit your taste. The most common are rectangular, round, oval and square variations. There are also point and linear ladders. Point ones are installed anywhere in the shower room, most often in the middle or at the lowest floor level. Linear ones are always placed at the edges of the room.

The types and dimensions of drains for wastewater disposal can be very different, it all depends on the preferences of the buyer and the manufacturer. The price category has a wide range, from the simplest models of unknown companies to expensive high-quality products of famous brands. There are variations of drains of the same model with different heights, this is necessary to select the product in accordance with the height of the screed in a particular room.

Shower drain installation

The purpose of the drain is to collect and drain wastewater from the shower room to the main drain riser. It can be plastic, metal-plastic or metal. More details about the device and principle of operation:

The shower drain filters wastewater from large contaminants and provides a reliable seal with the floor covering. At the same time, unpleasant odors that come from the sewer system do not enter the room.
Structurally, a shower drain can range from the simplest model for filtering wastewater to a complex device with a cut-off and a cascade of dry and wet valves. To facilitate installation, drains often have the ability to change the height of the product.
The upper part of the drain ladder consists of a decorative grille, which is made of stainless steel. Next comes the drain grate - it traps large debris and protects the bathroom from odors from the sewer system. To fix the grille, sealing flanges and rings are used.
After the filter grid there is a drain, consisting of a glass and a base with an outlet. The latter is connected to the pipeline using a coupling. The outlet can be through or single. The first is suitable for several devices that are connected to one pipe.
At the bottom there is an outlet pipe. Through it, the water goes into the sewer.

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Design features

The appearance of the inside of the shower drain in the floor under the tiles resembles in structure a funnel for overflowing liquids installed in a snail. The funnel is equipped with a flange for reliable fixation in the seat; its other side is equipped with technical outlets, they are intended for collecting wastewater. The flange and volute must be tightly connected to avoid uncontrolled outflow of running water.

Multi-node ladder

There are drains for collecting sewer outflows only from the shower stall; in this case, the outlet has only one hole. If it is necessary to connect additional plumbing equipment (washing machine, sink) to the sewer system, then outlets with several branches are used.

Linear ladder

There is always a siphon in the inside of the drain; its design ensures drainage of water, and resembles a regular siphon like in a sink, but it is somewhat modified.

How the gangway works

Important! When purchasing a drain in a store, you should carefully study its design and correlate it with your existing connection conditions. Particular attention should be paid to the height of the ladder, the diameter of the discharge pipes, as well as the presence of chips and cracks on them.

Gangway work

Shower drains may differ due to several factors:

maximum load - the larger the diameter of the pipes in the drain, the more water it can handle per unit of time;
according to operating conditions - for private or public use;
installation location - there are ladders of horizontal and vertical design;
appearance - design variations are widely represented.

If you do not yet know what the height of the screed under the tiles will be, then you can purchase a ladder with a telescopic system for changing the length of the pipes.

Shower drain under tiles on the floor: technical aspects and advantages

Recently, there has been a tendency to abandon the use of bathtubs, this is due to the serious costs of water for bathing in them. Universal shower stalls have replaced them, but their cost often exceeds the waste on water over the years. Maintenance in case of breakdown of such booths is also quite expensive. The most acceptable option is homemade shower stalls; their cost, even taking into account the finishing work, is not so expensive.

Assembly principle

The ease of assembling the shower stall is another factor due to which they have gained great popularity. Essentially, it consists of a shower hose faucet, translucent doors, tiled floors, and a drainage system.

Important to remember! The time to install the bathroom drain should be decided before laying the tiles. Otherwise, you will have to deal with a lot of unnecessary work.

Another important point when laying the floor is to ensure a slight slope relative to the horizon. This is necessary to place the floor drain at the lowest point of the cabin. If you do not ensure spontaneous drainage of water along the inclined surface of the floor, you will have to install additional plastic sides around the perimeter of the shower stall. They will protect the walls from moisture impregnation and fungal infections due to dampness.

Ensuring the slope of the pipe

The main advantages of handmade shower stalls include:

Dimensions – this type of bathroom arrangement can be done regardless of its dimensions or you can choose a configuration at your own discretion.
Easy to clean - just wipe the sweaty surfaces and remove the remaining water into the drain with a mop.
Creating a design - the availability of a variety of building materials allows you to fulfill any whim of the owner.
Convenience – It is quite difficult for older people to get in and out of the bathroom on their own. There is a similar problem with ready-made electronic booths; there is barely enough space for a healthy adult, and it will be very difficult for an old man to turn around.
Emergency drainage of water - many drains have this function, it is necessary to prevent flooding. At a certain level of liquid, a valve is activated, opening the damper, after which the water that filled the shower stall leaves.

Shower drains under tiles

The appearance of such a plumbing fixture for a shower has an oval, round, square or rectangular shape.

According to their design, they can be divided into wall, linear or point drains. The first design option is installed near the walls of the bathroom, the second - in the corners or along the edges, the third - can be mounted anywhere in the room. Popular manufacturers of shower drains are:

Veragio;
Viega;
Ravak;
Berges;
ACO;
Geberit;
Creative;
Tulips;
AlcaPlast;
TECE;
Magdrain et al.

Spot

Name	Price in rubles	Characteristics	pros	Minuses
AlcaPlast APV3444	2280	Length and width – 15x15 cm, color – chrome, grey, matte, shape – square, drain diameter – 14 cm, shutter – wet and dry, placement – flush with the floor, installation – next to the wall, connection diameter – 7.5 cm , permissible load – 300 kg, throughput – up to 62 l/min, drain – plastic, adjustment scale – 10 cm.	Optimal dimensions, good quality, height adjustable.	No.
Viega 557119	1880	Length and width – 10x10 cm, color – gray, chrome, shape – square, drain diameter – 14 cm, shutter – wet, placement – flush with the floor, installation – near the wall, connection diameter – 5 cm, permissible load – 300 kg, flow capacity - up to 36 l/min, drain - plastic, there is a removable water seal.	Cheaper than analogues, good workmanship.	Small capacity, no information on height adjustment.

Wall-mounted

Name	Price in rubles	Characteristics	pros	Minuses
TECElinus 15101090 90	24090	Drain diameter – 5 cm, length of the outer part – 84 cm, width – 7.5 cm, color – chrome, shape – rectangular, shutter type – wet, placement – below floor level, drain material – stainless steel, total installation height – 9, 5 cm, throughput – up to 48 l/min., load – up to 300 kg, adjustment scale – 3 cm.	Height adjustable, great design, good quality.	High cost, the scale of adjustment is smaller than that of analogues.
AlcaPlast APZ10-Simple 550	5450	Drain diameter – 4 cm, outer part length – 55 cm, width – 6 cm, color – matte, chrome, shape – rectangular, shutter type – dry, placement – flush with the floor, drain material – plastic, total installation height – 7, 5 cm, throughput – up to 28 l/min., load – up to 300 kg, adjustment scale – 3.5 cm.	Affordable price, adjustable in height, well suited for small spaces.	Short length, throughput, small drain diameter.

Slotted

Name	Price in rubles	Characteristics	pros	Minuses
Advantix Vario 704360	19627	Type – shortened with design insert, insert color – chrome, material – plastic, dimensions – 30-120 cm, installation height – 95-165 cm, flow capacity – 0.4-0.8 l/s.	Self-cleaning siphon design, adjustable in height, the dirt trap is removable, good throughput range, can be shortened.	It's very expensive.
Pestan Confluo Premium Line 650	11990	Drain diameter – 8 cm, outer part length – 65 cm, width – 7.5 cm, color – matte, chrome, shape – rectangular, shutter type – wet, placement – flush with the floor, drain material – plastic, total installation height – 7.1 cm, capacity – up to 48 l/min., load – up to 300 kg, adjustment scale – 4.6 cm.	Reasonable price, adjustable in height, has a dirt trap.	Relatively short length.

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Location and types of shower drains and drains for shower stalls

Ladders for draining water are distinguished by the location of the outlet pipes; there are designs with horizontal and vertical outlets.

Horizontal and vertical ladder

The horizontal drain is the most common model, its popularity is due to the ease of installation; installation of such a drain does not require high filling, and the water, after passing through the funnel, goes through the 900 outlet into the sewer system. It is important to maintain a slight slope when installing the pipe between the outlet and the sewer riser.
Vertical ladder - capable of providing maximum throughput. This is achieved due to the fact that water passes directly into the sewerage system, eliminating all interfering connections. Another advantage is the absence of possible clogging areas.

Containing unpleasant odors from the sewerage system is possible thanks to a water seal; depending on its design, there are:

Dry shutter

Drains with dry shower seal– one of the elements of its equipment are special plastic dampers; under the pressure of passing water they open and let it through; as soon as the pressure drops, they return to their original position and prevent the communication of air between the shower and the sewer.
Wet gate ladder
Drains with a wet plug for showers - wet plug technology was invented a long time ago and is successfully used in sinks, toilets and other bathrooms. Thanks to the small amount of water remaining in the curved tube, unpleasant odors cannot enter the room. The only drawback is the evaporation of liquid if the shower stall is idle for a long time; after two weeks, the water plug disappears and nothing else interferes with the spread of the smell.

The shape of the product can be rectangular, round or angular. Corner-shaped point drains are designed for installation in the corner of the room; other types can be placed in any other place in the shower stall.

Shower drain in the floor under tiles: types and nuances of installation

When installing a shower stall, you need to consider a high-quality tray. To do this, you don’t have to buy an expensive finished product; try building a simple shower drain in the floor under the tiles. This option will save useful space and protect against unnecessary expenses.

Installation operations

The most common is a point, square shower drain in the floor under the tiles with a horizontal drainage pipe. Let's consider its installation.

Illustration	Actions
	The first step is to decide on the location of the shower drain in the floor under the tiles. If you have a rough idea of where it will be, then use a tape measure to mark the required distance from the walls and install a beacon. It is important to correlate the location for the ladder with the dimensions of the future floor tiles; it would be most successful to make a cutout in only one slab; for this, take measurements as accurately as possible.
	It is necessary to lay a pipe connecting the sewer riser and the drain to the place of its installation. It is important that the pipe is solid and has a minimum of connections, especially corner ones. The pipe is laid at a slight angle. The highest point should be near the drain, the lower point should be the junction with the riser. The pipe can be installed using cement mortar or wooden blocks of thick consistency.
	Carefully check the presence of rubber gaskets at all joints along the pipe; the absence of at least one will become a very big problem after laying the tiles. This is fraught with the presence of constant unpleasant odors and flooding of neighbors.
	Having connected the pipe to the riser, you can begin installing the snail. The snail should be installed strictly horizontally, beating the plane using a level. Next, connect it to the supplied pipe.
	Under the snail it is necessary to make a gravy with a self-leveling solution, this will ensure its reliable fixation and prevent possible subsidence of the ladder under the weight of a person.
	Be sure to test the assembled unit; to do this, insert the hose into the drain funnel and open the water to maximum. But it's better to do a pressure test. If no leaks are detected, you can proceed to the next step.
	Before pouring the screed, it is ideal to lay a special film - a hydrobarrier - over the entire surface of the floor; it will prevent possible leaks if suddenly there was an unnoticeable defect in the structure of the drain or pipe.
	During pouring, wrap the top of the drain in several layers of cellophane, this will preserve the presentable appearance of the element and prevent possible clogging of the internal parts of the structure during work, or put on a plug.
	The gaps between the laid tiles are covered with a special moisture-resistant solution.
	After laying the tiles, you can remove the film and install a removable grate. The ladder is assembled.

Video review: DIY shower tray

Tips for use

If you do not know how to make a shower without a tray in an apartment, are not confident in your abilities and cannot carry out the installation of a drain yourself, it is better for you to contact a specialist, because even a small mistake can lead to redoing almost all stages of the repair. In this case, it would be ideal to contact a professional before starting dismantling operations. It is also better to select all the elements of the bathroom with a specialist, because a high price does not always guarantee the required quality.

For high-quality operation of the drain over a long period of time, you should take care of the shower stall and perform the required procedures:

cleaning - regular maintenance of the bathroom will not give a chance to the development of mold and mildew;
ventilation - its absence is also fertile ground for parasitic flora to flourish;
maintenance - regularly clean the removable elements of the ladder from accumulated hair and other debris;
accuracy - treat the shower stall with care, try not to drop heavy objects on the tiles and avoid hitting the glass doors, this can lead to cuts.

If the bathroom drain was installed efficiently and the design is free of defects, then if all the listed standards are observed, you can count on many years of service for your shower stall.